Medicinal Mushrooms by Condition

Allergic Rhinitis (Hayfever) – Reishi 1-3 g/day

Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as Reishi mushrooms, showcases robust immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. These qualities play a crucial role in enhancing its effectiveness in addressing allergies and other inflammatory conditions. 

-Ahmad, Rizwan, et al. "Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) an edible mushroom; a comprehensive and critical review of its nutritional, cosmeceutical, mycochemical, pharmacological, clinical, and toxicological properties." Phytotherapy Research 35.11 (2021): 6030-6062.
-Bhardwaj, Neha et al. “Suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses by pharmacologically potent fungus Ganoderma lucidum.” Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery vol. 8,2 (2014): 104-17. doi:10.2174/1872213x08666140619110657

 

Alzheimer’s Disease – Lion’s Mane 3-5 g/day, Reishi 1-3 g/day

Reishi exhibits neuroprotective capabilities attributed to its potent antioxidant properties. The active biomolecules in G. lucidum, particularly terpenes like ganoderic acid, contribute to its antioxidant capacity. This, in turn, aids in reducing age-related oxidation associated with impaired cognitive function, mitigating neuronal damage, and inhibiting apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease. Studies and reviews highlight the preventive and therapeutic effects of Reishi on neuronal damage and cognitive impairment. It’s also been found that the antioxidant impact of G. lucidum, facilitated by its active ingredients' ability to neutralize free radicals, play a role in diminishing age-related oxidation linked to the decline in cognitive function.

Research conducted in preclinical studies indicates that Lion's Mane has the potential to diminish inflammation and lower biological markers associated with Alzheimer's, such as amyloid plaques. Additionally, it shows promise in enhancing cognitive function and promoting the release of nerve growth factor, a protein known to extend the length of nerve cell processes.

-I-Chen Li, Li-Ya Lee, Tsai-Teng Tzeng, Wan-Ping Chen, Yen-Po Chen, Young-Ju Shiao, Chin-Chu Chen, "Neurohealth Properties of Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Enriched with Erinacines", Behavioural Neurology, vol. 2018, Article ID 5802634, 10 pages, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5802634
-Szućko-Kociuba, Izabela, et al. "Neurotrophic and Neuroprotective Effects of Hericium erinaceus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.21 (2023): 15960.
-Tripodi, Farida et al. “Anti-Aging and Neuroprotective Properties of Grifola frondosa and Hericium erinaceus Extracts.” Nutrients vol. 14,20 4368. 18 Oct. 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14204368
-Tsai-Teng, Tzeng et al. “Erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelium ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-related pathologies in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice.” Journal of biomedical science vol. 23,1 49. 27 Jun. 2016, doi:10.1186/s12929-016-0266-z
-Valu, Mihai-Vlad et al. “Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. Ethanolic Extract with Antioxidant Properties on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in a Zebrafish Model of Cognitive Impairment.” Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 7,6 477. 12 Jun. 2021, doi:10.3390/jof7060477
-Yu, Nanhui et al. “Ganoderma lucidum Triterpenoids (GLTs) Reduce Neuronal Apoptosis via Inhibition of ROCK Signal Pathway in APP/PS1 Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice.” Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity vol. 2020 9894037. 28 Jan. 2020, doi:10.1155/2020/9894037

 

Anti-Aging – Reishi 1-3 g/day, Cordyceps 1-3 g/day

Traditionally referred to as the 'Mushroom of Immortality', Reishi is renowned for its comprehensive benefits across cardiovascular, neurological, and immunological aspects. Its positive influence on blood sugar and cholesterol further adds to its anti-aging properties. Cordyceps, traditionally utilized as a supplement for the elderly and individuals recovering from prolonged illness, has demonstrated notable enhancements in oxygen uptake, aerobic capacity, and fatigue resistance in studies involving healthy elderly subjects.

-Ji, Deng-Bo et al. “Antiaging effect of Cordyceps sinensis extract.” Phytotherapy research : PTR vol. 23,1 (2009): 116-22. doi:10.1002/ptr.2576
-Tripodi, Farida et al. “Anti-Aging and Neuroprotective Properties of Grifola frondosa and Hericium erinaceus Extracts.” Nutrients vol. 14,20 4368. 18 Oct. 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14204368
-Wang, Jue et al. “Emerging Roles of Ganoderma Lucidum in Anti-Aging.” Aging and disease vol. 8,6 691-707. 1 Dec. 2017, doi:10.14336/AD.2017.0410
-Xu, Wei et al. “Antiaging Effects of Dietary Polysaccharides: Advance and Mechanisms.” Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity vol. 2022 4362479. 12 Jul. 2022, doi:10.1155/2022/4362479

 

Anxiety – Reishi 1-3 g/day

The conventional term "spirit mushroom" alludes to the sedative properties of its triterpenoid components, and numerous herbalists appreciate its advantages in cases of insomnia. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ling Zhi is recognized for its ability to "Calm the Shen," signifying mental stabilization, and is acknowledged for its efficacy in addressing deficiency insomnia.

-Fijałkowska, Agata et al. “Edible Mushrooms as a Potential Component of Dietary Interventions for Major Depressive Disorder.” Foods (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 11,10 1489. 20 May. 2022, doi:10.3390/foods11101489
-Mi, Xue et al. “Ganoderma Lucidum Triterpenoids Improve Maternal Separation-Induced Anxiety- and Depression-like Behaviors in Mice by Mitigating Inflammation in the Periphery and Brain.” Nutrients vol. 14,11 2268. 28 May. 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14112268
-Pazzi, Francesco et al. “Ganoderma lucidum Effects on Mood and Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Fibromyalgia.” Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 8,4 520. 30 Nov. 2020, doi:10.3390/healthcare8040520

 

Asthma – Cordyceps 3g/day, Reishi 1-3g/day

Cordyceps have historically been employed for the treatment of respiratory disorders such as asthma, with studies indicating a reduction in serum markers of airway inflammation among patients with mild asthma who were administered cordyceps. Additionally, research demonstrates the positive impact of cordyceps on lung function and the mitigation of airway inflammation.

Reishi, with a traditional application in asthma treatment, possesses triterpenoid components renowned for their potent anti-inflammatory and anti-histamine properties. Scientific investigations reveal that triterpenoid extracts derived from reishi effectively diminish bronchoalveolar inflammation without inducing general immunosuppressive effects.

-Bhardwaj, Neha et al. “Suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses by pharmacologically potent fungus Ganoderma lucidum.” Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery vol. 8,2 (2014): 104-17. doi:10.2174/1872213x08666140619110657
- Chen, Jihang, et al. "Anti-inflammatory effects of a Cordyceps sinensis mycelium culture extract (Cs-4) on rodent models of allergic rhinitis and asthma." Molecules 25.18 (2020): 4051.
- Li, Yanfeng, et al. "Ganoderma modulates allergic asthma pathologic features via anti-inflammatory effects." Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 299 (2022): 103843.
- Zheng, Ya, Lan Li, and Tiantian Cai. "Cordyceps polysaccharide ameliorates airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced mouse model of asthma via TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway." Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 276 (2020): 103412.

 

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) – Reishi 1-3 g/day

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is marked by stromal-glandular hyperplasia within the prostate gland. This condition may or may not be linked to bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms, anatomical enlargement of the prostate, and compression of the urethra, leading to compromised urinary flow. The associated frequent urination can be disruptive and frustrating.

Triterpenoid compounds derived from Reishi demonstrate a significant anti-androgenic effect by inhibiting 5alpha-reductase, a crucial enzyme in testosterone conversion. This inhibition results in a noteworthy reduction in the growth of the ventral prostate induced by testosterone. The anti-androgenic properties of Reishi's triterpenoids suggest a potential therapeutic role in conditions characterized by excessive androgen activity, highlighting their impact on hormonal regulation and prostate health.

-Sharma, Meenakshi, et al. "A Review on the significance of the Medicinal plant Gandoderma lucidum." Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 15.1 (2023): 46-52.
-Shrivastava, Alankar, and Vipin B Gupta. “Various treatment options for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A current update.” Journal of mid-life health vol. 3,1 (2012): 10-9. doi:10.4103/0976-7800.98811

 

Cardiovascular Health – Reishi 1-3 g/day

Reishi demonstrates considerable potential in promoting cardiovascular health through various mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, and anti-thrombotic effects. A clinical study has reported that the polysaccharide extract of Reishi effectively alleviates symptoms such as chest pain, palpitations, and shortness of breath in individuals diagnosed with coronary heart disease. These findings underscore the multifaceted cardiovascular benefits associated with Reishi consumption, suggesting its potential as a supportive measure in cardiovascular health management.

- Klupp, Nerida L et al. “A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Ganoderma lucidum for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors of metabolic syndrome.” Scientific reports vol. 6 29540. 11 Aug. 2016, doi:10.1038/srep29540
- Shaher, Fahmi, et al. "Associated targets of the antioxidant cardioprotection of Ganoderma lucidum in diabetic cardiomyopathy by using open targets platform: a systematic review." BioMed Research International 2020 (2020).
-Shaito, Abdullah et al. “Herbal Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases: Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Safety.” Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 11 422. 7 Apr. 2020, doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00422

 

Cancer and Medicinal Mushrooms

Cancer and Dosage:

Polysaccharide extracts 3-6g/day

Reishi 2-5g/day

Birch Chaga 2-5 g/day

Cordyceps 2-5g/day

 

Mushrooms Polysaccharides and Cancer

Clinical trials have consistently demonstrated the anti-cancer properties inherent in all medicinal mushrooms. These trials have exclusively employed polysaccharide extracts. There exists preliminary evidence suggesting that combinations of mushrooms may amplify anti-carcinogenic efficacy. The mechanism by which mushroom polysaccharides combat tumor cells can be categorized into three distinct types: (a) cancer prevention activity, (b) indirect action through immunostimulation, bolstering immunity against tumors, and (c) direct action via inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis.

-Garcia, Juliana, et al. "Bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms: A review on their isolation, structural characteristics and antitumor activity." Food Bioscience (2022): 101955.
-Jeitler, Michael, et al. "Significance of medicinal mushrooms in integrative oncology: A narrative review." Frontiers in pharmacology 11 (2020): 580656.
-Krishnakumar, Neenthamadathil Mohandas, Balakrishnan Thampi Ramesh, and Stanislaus Antony Ceasar. "Medicinal mushrooms as potential sources of anticancer polysaccharides and polysaccharide–protein complexes." Studies in Natural Products Chemistry 76 (2023): 113-148.

Reishi and Cancer

The revered "mushroom of immortality," referred to in Traditional Chinese Medicine as Ling Zhi, is traditionally known for its therapeutic effects in tonifying qi, nourishing blood, calming the Shen, transforming phlegm, and alleviating cough. Contemporary research offers encouraging findings regarding its potential in the prevention and complementary treatment of various cancers, such as those affecting the breast, cervix, colon, esophagus, leukemia, liver, lungs, lymphatic system, pancreas, and prostate.

-Ahmad, Md Faruque. "Ganoderma lucidum: A rational pharmacological approach to surmount cancer." Journal of ethnopharmacology 260 (2020): 113047.
-Boh, Bojana. "Ganoderma lucidum: a potential for biotechnological production of anti-cancer and immunomodulatory drugs." Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery 8.3 (2013): 255-287.     
-Gao, Yihuai, et al. "Effects of water-soluble Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on the immune functions of patients with advanced lung cancer." Journal of medicinal food 8.2 (2005): 159-168.
-Jin, Hui, et al. "Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, an extract from ganoderma lucidum, exerts suppressive effect on cervical cancer cell malignancy through mitigating epithelial-mesenchymal and JAK/STAT5 signaling pathway." Pharmacology 105.7-8 (2020): 461-470.
-Sliva, Daniel, et al. "Ganoderma lucidum suppresses motility of highly invasive breast and prostate cancer cells." Biochemical and biophysical research communications 298.4 (2002): 603-612.
-Wang, Xiaoming, et al. "Ganoderma lucidum put forth anti-tumor activity against PC-3 prostate cancer cells via inhibition of Jak-1/STAT-3 activity." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27.10 (2020): 2632-2637.
-Wu, Xiao, et al. "Pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis is induced by a proteoglycan extracted from Ganoderma lucidum." Oncology Letters 21.1 (2021): 1-1.
-Ye, Ting, et al. "A review of anti-tumor effects of Ganoderma lucidum in gastrointestinal cancer." Chinese Medicine 18.1 (2023): 107.

Chaga and Cancer

Chaga mushrooms, scientifically known as Inonotus obliquus, thrive on birch trees in colder northern climates across various countries. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chaga, also referred to as Hua Jie Kong Jun or Bai Hua Rong, has enjoyed a millennia-long history of use. Recognized for its capacity to foster vitality, promote wellness, and extend longevity, Chaga is revered for its ability to enhance Qi, soothe the Shen, fortify the Kidneys, invigorate the Spleen, bolster the Liver, purify toxins, and replenish the Blood.

In contemporary research, Chaga mushrooms have garnered attention for their rich composition of health-promoting bioactive compounds, which include polysaccharides, lignin, embolic acid, and melanin. These constituents have exhibited diverse medicinal properties, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects. Consequently, there is a growing interest in exploring their potential clinical applications, particularly in cancer prevention and treatment. Recent studies have unveiled Chaga's cytotoxic effects on various cancer cell types, including those affecting the brain, breast, cervix, liver, lungs, melanoma, ovaries, and pancreas.

-Abugomaa, Amira et al. “Anti-cancer activity of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) against dog bladder cancer organoids.” Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 14 1159516. 19 Apr. 2023, doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1159516
-Cheung, Susan SC, et al. "Wild Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) modulates inflammation, neural cell survival and inhibits proliferation of cancer cells." Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine 9 (2023): 100328.
-Jiang, Shuping, et al. "Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells and alters energy metabolism via the LKB1/AMPK axis." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 151 (2020): 1277-1286.
-Kou, Rong-Wei, et al. "Neuroprotective effects of a new triterpenoid from edible mushroom on oxidative stress and apoptosis through the BDNF/TrkB/ERK/CREB and Nrf2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo." Food & Function 13.23 (2022): 12121-12134.
-Li, Jiawei, et al. "Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide ameliorates azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis-associated cancer in mice via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome." Frontiers in Pharmacology 11 (2021): 621835.
-Lu, Yangpeng, et al. "Recent developments in Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom) polysaccharides: Isolation, structural characteristics, biological activities, and application." Polymers 13.9 (2021): 1441.
-Shan, Peipei, et al. "Inonotsutriol E from Inonotus obliquus exhibits promising anti-breast cancer activity via regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway." Bioorganic Chemistry 139 (2023): 106741.
-Wold, Christian Winther. "Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)." (2020).
-Zhao, Yanxia, and Weifa Zheng. "Deciphering the antitumoral potential of the bioactive metabolites from medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 265 (2021): 113321.

Cordyceps and Cancer

Traditional Chinese Medicine has long utilized Cordyceps Mushrooms, referred to as Dong Chong Xia Cao, for their reputed capacity to fortify the lungs and kidneys while enhancing essential vitality. Recent scientific investigations have substantiated Cordyceps' multifaceted pharmacological actions, which encompass antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, kidney-protective, liver-protective, and anti-cancer properties. Contemporary research into Cordyceps' anti-carcinogenic potential has demonstrated efficacy against cancers such as colorectal, leukemia, and liver malignancies, with ongoing exploration suggesting a broader spectrum of anti-cancer effects.

- Awang, Mohd Azrie, et al. "Antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity of Cordyceps militaris extracts against human colorectal cancer cell line." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 11.7 (2021): 105-109.
- Dan, Amit, et al. "Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Mushrooms on Gastric, Breast, and Colorectal Cancer: A Scoping Review." Cureus 15.4 (2023).
- Jo, Eunbi, et al. "Cordyceps militaris exerts anticancer effect on non–small cell lung cancer by inhibiting hedgehog signaling via suppression of TCTN3." Integrative Cancer Therapies 19 (2020): 1534735420923756.
- Liu, Yan, Zhi-Jian Guo, and Xuan-Wei Zhou. "Chinese Cordyceps: Bioactive Components, Antitumor Effects and Underlying Mechanism—A Review." Molecules 27.19 (2022): 6576.
- Quan, Xingguo, et al. "Cordyceps militaris induces immunogenic cell death and enhances antitumor immunogenic response in breast cancer." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (2020).
- Xu, Jing, et al. "Current advancements in antitumor properties and mechanisms of medicinal components in edible mushrooms." Nutrients 14.13 (2022): 2622.

Lion’s Mane and Cancer

Recognized as Hou Tou Gu in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lion's Mane Mushrooms are esteemed for their therapeutic influence on the five yin organs—the liver, spleen, lungs, heart, and kidneys. Within TCM, they are revered for their ability to address Qi deficiency, representing vitality or "life force."

Recent research highlights the potential of Lion's Mane Mushroom in inhibiting tumor growth and enhancing immune system response. As a result, Lion's Mane Mushroom is increasingly garnering attention in cancer research and treatment paradigms owing to its promising medicinal attributes. Investigations reveal its anti-carcinogenic effects in cancers such as breast, colorectal, and lung, with encouraging therapeutic implications across a broader array of cancer types as ongoing research progresses.

- Hou, Xiao-xiao, et al. "Fruiting body polysaccharides of Hericium erinaceus induce apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via ROS generation mediating caspase-9-dependent signaling pathways." Food & function 11.7 (2020): 6128-6138.
- Kim, Sung Phil et al. “Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane) mushroom extracts inhibit metastasis of cancer cells to the lung in CT-26 colon cancer-tansplanted mice.” Journal of agricultural and food chemistry vol. 61,20 (2013): 4898-904. doi:10.1021/jf400916c
- Sangtitanu, Taniya, et al. "Peptides obtained from edible mushrooms: Hericium erinaceus offers the ability to scavenge free radicals and induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells in humans." Food & function 11.6 (2020): 4927-4939.
- Thongkongkaew, Tawatchai, et al. "Anti-Xanthine Oxidase 5′-Hydroxyhericenes A–D from the Edible Mushroom Hericium erinaceus and Structure Revision of 3-[2, 3-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl) tetrahydrofuran-1-yl]-pyridine-4, 5-diol." ACS omega 8.48 (2023): 46284-46291.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS – ME) – Polysaccharide Extract 1-3g/day

Research indicates that the daily oral administration of polysaccharides over an 8-week period resulted in notable improvements in fatigue associated with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and an increase in overall feelings of well-being. These findings underscore the abundance of polysaccharides in mushrooms such as Reishi and highlight their significant superiority over a placebo in terms of clinical symptom improvement in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome.

-Geng, Ping et al. “Antifatigue Functions and Mechanisms of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms.” BioMed research international vol. 2017 (2017): 9648496. doi:10.1155/2017/9648496
-Tang, Wenbo, et al. "A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract in neurasthenia." Journal of medicinal food 8.1 (2005): 53-58.
-Xie, Zhiyi et al. “The Mechanisms of Polysaccharides from Tonic Chinese Herbal Medicine on the Enhancement Immune Function: A Review.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 28,21 7355. 31 Oct. 2023, doi:10.3390/molecules28217355

 

Dementia – Lion’s Mane 3-5 g/day

The compounds present in Lion's Mane can stimulate the production of nerve growth factor (NGF), a factor known for fostering the repair and regeneration of neurons. Increasing clinical evidence supports the use of Lion's Mane in cases of mild dementia, with studies indicating its potential to enhance cognitive function and improve functional abilities. These findings highlight the neuro-regenerative properties of Lion's Mane and suggest its potential therapeutic role in addressing cognitive decline associated with certain conditions.

-Amara, Ines et al. “Hericium Erinaceus Prevents DEHP-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis in PC12 Cells.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 21,6 2138. 20 Mar. 2020, doi:10.3390/ijms21062138
-Brandalise, Federico et al. “Hericium erinaceus in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Bench to Bedside and Beyond, How Far from the Shoreline?.” Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,5 551. 10 May. 2023, doi:10.3390/jof9050551
- Li, I-Chen, et al. "Prevention of early Alzheimer’s disease by erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelia pilot double-blind placebo-controlled study." Frontiers in aging neuroscience 12 (2020): 155.
-Szućko-Kociuba, Izabela, et al. "Neurotrophic and Neuroprotective Effects of Hericium erinaceus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.21 (2023): 15960.
-Valu, Mihai-Vlad et al. “Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. Ethanolic Extract with Antioxidant Properties on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in a Zebrafish Model of Cognitive Impairment.” Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 7,6 477. 12 Jun. 2021, doi:10.3390/jof7060477

 

Depression – Lion’s Mane 3-5 g/day, Reishi 1-3 g/day

Research findings illustrate that Hericium erinaceus significantly improves depressive disorders by modulating monoaminergic pathways, facilitating neurogenic/neurotrophic processes, and engaging anti-inflammatory mechanisms. This underscores the potential of H. erinaceus as a complementary medicine in the treatment of depression.

The medicinal mushroom Reishi, known as lingzhi in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), contains a compound known as triterpene. Scientific studies demonstrate that this compound contributes to the alleviation of symptoms associated with anxiety, depression, and insomnia. TCM practitioners utilize Reishi to tonify qi and calm the shen (heart/mind). Furthermore, it is employed to alleviate cough and asthma. Given its distinctive properties, Reishi emerges as an excellent adjunctive treatment for depression.

-Brandalise, Federico et al. “Hericium erinaceus in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Bench to Bedside and Beyond, How Far from the Shoreline?.” Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,5 551. 10 May. 2023, doi:10.3390/jof9050551
- Chong, Pit Shan et al. “Therapeutic Potential of Hericium erinaceus for Depressive Disorder.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 21,1 163. 25 Dec. 2019, doi:10.3390/ijms21010163
-I-Chen Li, Li-Ya Lee, Tsai-Teng Tzeng, Wan-Ping Chen, Yen-Po Chen, Young-Ju Shiao, Chin-Chu Chen, "Neurohealth Properties of Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Enriched with Erinacines", Behavioural Neurology, vol. 2018, Article ID 5802634, 10 pages, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5802634
-Fijałkowska, Agata et al. “Edible Mushrooms as a Potential Component of Dietary Interventions for Major Depressive Disorder.” Foods (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 11,10 1489. 20 May. 2022, doi:10.3390/foods11101489
-Pazzi, Francesco et al. “Ganoderma lucidum Effects on Mood and Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Fibromyalgia.” Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 8,4 520. 30 Nov. 2020, doi:10.3390/healthcare8040520

 

Diabetes – Cordyceps – 3-5 g/day

Scientific studies provide insight into the advantageous impact of Hericium erinaceus by identifying α-glucosidase inhibitory compounds, inclusive of four newly discovered compounds. This characterization not only adds depth to our understanding of the therapeutic properties of H. erinaceus but also establishes a foundation for its traditional application in the treatment of diabetes and metabolic diseases. The identification of these compounds contributes valuable knowledge that may serve as a supportive basis for further research and the development of potential therapeutic interventions targeting diabetes and related metabolic conditions.

-Dong, Yuan et al. “Studies on the antidiabetic activities of Cordyceps militaris extract in d.iet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats.” BioMed research international vol. 2014 (2014): 160980. doi:10.1155/2014/160980
-Li, Ying et al. “Cordyceps inhibits ceramide biosynthesis and improves insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.” Scientific reports vol. 12,1 7273. 4 May. 2022, doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11219-3
-Ma, Li, Song Zhang, and Mei Du. "Cordycepin from Cordyceps militaris prevents hyperglycemia in alloxan-induced diabetic mice." Nutrition Research 35.5 (2015): 431-439.
-Sun, HuiQing, et al. "Structure and hypoglycemic activity of a novel exopolysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris." International journal of biological macromolecules 166 (2021): 496-508.
-Yu, Sung-Hsun et al. “Hypoglycemic Activity through a Novel Combination of Fruiting Body and Mycelia of Cordyceps militaris in High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice.” Journal of diabetes research vol. 2015 (2015): 723190. doi:10.1155/2015/723190

 

Epilepsy – Reishi 3-5 g/day

Pharmaceuticals prescribed for antiepileptic purposes can induce side effects affecting brain function, including mood alterations, impacts on neurocognitive function, and a reduction in neuronal excitation leading to the inhibition of normal activity. Consequently, the exploration of alternative antiepileptic treatments with minimized side effects remains a crucial pursuit.

CaMKII is an abundant protein in neurons and is involved in synaptic plasticity and learning, memory, and optimal neuronal function. Studies show promising results that polysaccharides found in Reishi mushrooms can inhibit calcium overload and promote CaMK II α expression to protect epileptic neurons. This evidence suggests a potential beneficial role for Reishi in the prevention, management, and/or treatment of epilepsy, emphasizing its promise as an adjunct therapy with fewer adverse effects on brain function.

-Wang, Guo-Hui et al. “A retrospective study of Ganoderma Lucidum Spore Powder for patients with epilepsy.” Medicine vol. 97,23 (2018): e10941. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000010941
-Wang, Shu-Qiu et al. “Anti-epileptic effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides by inhibition of intracellular calcium accumulation and stimulation of expression of CaMKII α in epileptic hippocampal neurons.” PloS one vol. 9,7 e102161. 10 Jul. 2014, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102161
-Xie, Xuemin et al. “Polysaccharides, Next Potential Agent for the Treatment of Epilepsy?.” Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 13 790136. 18 Mar. 2022, doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.790136

 

Erectile/Sexual Dysfunction – Cordyceps 3g/day

Sexual dysfunctions, encompassing issues related to desire, arousal, orgasm, and pain disorders, are experiencing a global increase attributed to various etiological factors and the natural aging process. Within modern medicine, various treatment modalities have been proposed; however, these often entail serious side effects and elevated costs. As an alternative approach, the consumption of plants, mushrooms, or their extracts has been explored to enhance sexuality and alleviate associated ailments, yielding noteworthy success.

Research studies provide evidence that Cordyceps, specifically, holds the potential to augment libido and improve sexual performance. Furthermore, it demonstrates the capacity to address impaired reproductive functions, such as low libido, erectile dysfunction, or infertility, in both males and females. These findings underscore the potential efficacy of Cordyceps as an alternative intervention for sexual dysfunctions, offering potential benefits while minimizing adverse effects compared to certain conventional treatments.

-Chen, Yung-Chia et al. “Functional study of Cordyceps sinensis and cordycepin in male reproduction: A review.” Journal of food and drug analysis vol. 25,1 (2017): 197-205. doi:10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.020
-Jiraungkoorskul, Kanitta, and Wannee Jiraungkoorskul. “Review of Naturopathy of Medical Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps Sinensis, in Sexual Dysfunction.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 10,19 (2016): 1-5. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.176566
-Pohsa, Sureena et al. “Effects of Cultured Cordycep militaris on Sexual Performance and Erectile Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats.” BioMed research international vol. 2020 4198397. 13 Nov. 2020, doi:10.1155/2020/4198397
-Hsu, Chih-Chao, et al. "In vivo and in vitro stimulatory effects of Cordyceps sinensis on testosterone production in mouse Leydig cells." Life Sciences 73.16 (2003): 2127-2136.
-Van Nguyen, Toan, et al. "A study of the aphrodisiac properties of Cordyceps militaris in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats." Veterinary World 14.2 (2021): 537.

 

Exercise-Induced Immune Suppression – Polysaccharides 1-3g/day

Exercise-induced fatigue, a non-pathological form of fatigue, manifests as a reduction in muscle performance resulting from excessive physical activity. This phenomenon significantly impacts the daily lives of individuals, particularly athletes, military personnel, and manual laborers. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on mitigating the adverse effects of exercise-induced fatigue on people's daily activities.

Recent research highlights the potential of polysaccharides, notably abundant in certain medicinal mushrooms like Reishi, as the primary bioactive components in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue. Studies indicate that polysaccharides play a crucial role in expediting the recovery from exercise-induced fatigue, enhancing the fatigue tolerance of the human body, and contributing to improved sports performance. This recognition underscores the significance of exploring natural compounds, such as polysaccharides, to address exercise-induced fatigue and enhance physical performance.

-Liu, Yuzhou et al. “The use of traditional Chinese medicines in relieving exercise-induced fatigue.” Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 13 969827. 22 Jul. 2022, doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.969827
- Zhou, Yaping et al. “Dietary Polysaccharides Exert Anti-Fatigue Functions via the Gut-Muscle Axis: Advances and Prospectives.” Foods (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 12,16 3083. 17 Aug. 2023, doi:10.3390/foods12163083

 

Fibromyalgia - Reishi 2-6g/day

Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic rheumatic disorder characterized by generalized and widespread musculoskeletal pain. It is associated with several secondary symptoms such as psychological and pain-specific distress, which can directly impact daily functioning and quality of life, like anxiety and depression. Studies show promising results for Reishi mushroom's ability to improve fibromyalgia symptoms, including depression and pain.

 

- Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A., et al. "Cost-Utility Analysis of a Six-Weeks Ganoderma Lucidum-Based Treatment for Women with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double-Blind, Active Placebo-Controlled Trial." Myopain 23.3-4 (2015): 188-194.
- Khatian, Najeeb, and Muhammad Aslam. "A review of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi): A miraculous medicinal mushroom." Inventi Rapid: Ethnopharmacology 4 (2018): 1-6.
- Pazzi, F., and R. Fraile-Fabero. "Effects of Ganoderma Lucidum on Pain in Women with Fibromyalgia." Fibrom Open Access 2.115 (2017): 2.
-Pazzi, Francesco et al. “Ganoderma lucidum Effects on Mood and Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Fibromyalgia.” Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 8,4 520. 30 Nov. 2020, doi:10.3390/healthcare8040520

 

Hepatitis – Polysaccharides 1.5-3g/day, Reishi 1-3g/day, Cordyceps 3g/day

The utilization of polysaccharides derived from medicinal mushrooms is progressively expanding for the treatment or management of a diverse range of medical conditions. Recent clinical studies have unveiled intriguing physiological effects, some of which hold potential in addressing challenging issues like hepatitis C and chronic hepatitis B infection. The complexity of these infections makes them difficult to treat conventionally.

The presence of high levels of polysaccharides, exemplified by mushrooms like Reishi, positions them as a viable therapeutic option for the treatment and management of hepatitis. These findings underscore the potential significance of medicinal mushrooms, particularly those rich in polysaccharides, in offering alternative approaches to address hepatitis-related conditions, contributing to the broader spectrum of medical interventions available.

-Guo, Zhihua, Yunjin Zang, and Lijuan Zhang. "The efficacy of Polyporus Umbellatus polysaccharide in treating hepatitis B in China." Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science 163 (2019): 329-360.
-Gao, Yihuai, et al. "Protective effect of Ganoderma (a mushroom with medicinal properties) against various liver injuries." Food Reviews International 21.1 (2005): 27-52.
-Lin, Wen-Chuan, and Wei-Lii Lin. “Ameliorative effect of Ganoderma lucidum on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats.” World journal of gastroenterology vol. 12,2 (2006): 265-70. doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i2.265
-Peng, Yuan et al. “Cultured Mycelium Cordyceps sinensis allevi¬ates CCl4-induced liver inflammation and fibrosis in mice by activating hepatic natural killer cells.” Acta pharmacologica Sinica vol. 37,2 (2016): 204-16. doi:10.1038/aps.2015.129
-Ren, Yijing et al. “The Regulatory Roles of Polysaccharides and Ferroptosis-Related Phytochemicals in Liver Diseases.” Nutrients vol. 14,11 2303. 30 May. 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14112303
-Yuan, Ye, et al. "Protective effects of polysaccharides on hepatic injury: A review." International journal of biological macromolecules 141 (2019): 822-830.

 

Herpes – Polysaccharide Extracts 1-3 g/day

Research on mushroom polysaccharides has demonstrated their efficacy in alleviating viral diseases caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Certain compounds found in mushrooms exhibit antiviral effects against hepatitis B and C viruses, showcasing comparable efficacy to conventional antiviral drugs. Moreover, these mushroom compounds demonstrate favorable interactions with other antiviral medications, including acyclovir.

Therefore, bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms rich in polysaccharides, such as Reishi mushrooms, have the potential to serve as an excellent adjunct therapy for the treatment of HSV-1 and HSV-2. These findings suggest the promising role of mushroom-derived compounds in enhancing antiviral therapeutic strategies and warrant further exploration in the field of viral infection management.

-De Sousa Cardozo, Francielle Tramontini Gomes, et al. "Antiherpetic activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from Agaricus brasiliensis mycelia." Antiviral research 92.1 (2011): 108-114.
-Pliego-Cortés, Hugo et al. “Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Strandings as Renewable Source for Potential Antivirals against Herpes simplex Virus 1.” Marine drugs vol. 20,2 116. 1 Feb. 2022, doi:10.3390/md20020116
-Seo, Dong Joo, and Changsun Choi. “Antiviral Bioactive Compounds of Mushrooms and Their Antiviral Mechanisms: A Review.” Viruses vol. 13,2 350. 23 Feb. 2021, doi:10.3390/v13020350
-Pradeep, P., Manju, V., Ahsan, M.F. (2019). Antiviral Potency of Mushroom Constituents. In: Agrawal, D., Dhanasekaran, M. (eds) Medicinal Mushrooms. Springer, Singapore. doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6382-5_10

 

HIV – Polysaccharide Extracts 1-3 g/day

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gives rise to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), representing a significant global health threat. One of its pivotal enzymes, reverse transcriptase (RT), serves as a target for HIV inhibition. While several bioactive compounds have proven effective in HIV treatment, the rapid mutation rate of the virus and the development of drug-resistant strains during long-term treatment necessitate the exploration of new inhibitors to address this challenge.

Research studies indicate that mushroom polysaccharides exhibit robust anti-HIV-1 RT activity. These findings suggest that mushroom polysaccharides have the potential to serve as potent adjuncts in HIV treatment.

-Seo, Dong Joo, and Changsun Choi. “Antiviral Bioactive Compounds of Mushrooms and Their Antiviral Mechanisms: A Review.” Viruses vol. 13,2 350. 23 Feb. 2021, doi:10.3390/v13020350
-Pradeep, P., Manju, V., Ahsan, M.F. (2019). Antiviral Potency of Mushroom Constituents. In: Agrawal, D., Dhanasekaran, M. (eds) Medicinal Mushrooms. Springer, Singapore. doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6382-5_10
- Wang, Chang Rong, et al. "Isolation of a polysaccharide with antiproliferative, hypoglycemic, antioxidant and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities from the fruiting bodies of the abalone mushroom Pleurotus abalonus." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 63.6 (2011): 825-832.

 

HPV – Polysaccharide Extracts 1-3 g/day

Mushroom polysaccharides contain diverse biological activities with the capacity to target various aspects of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the complexities of treating and managing it. Polysaccharides, intricate carbohydrates prevalent in numerous mushrooms, exhibit the ability to bolster the immune system's response to viruses and impede the growth and replication of HPV. Specifically, polysaccharides contribute to an increase in the production of antibodies and other immune cells integral to recognizing and eliminating infected cells.

Moreover, additional compounds present in medicinal mushroom extracts, including triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and ergosterol, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects. These multifaceted properties contribute to alleviating the impact of HPV infection on the body. The comprehensive array of bioactive compounds in mushroom extract underscores its potential as a valuable adjunct in addressing the complexities of treating and managing HPV infection.

 -Pradeep, P., Manju, V., Ahsan, M.F. (2019). Antiviral Potency of Mushroom Constituents. In: Agrawal, D., Dhanasekaran, M. (eds) Medicinal Mushrooms. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6382-5_10
-Seo, Dong Joo, and Changsun Choi. “Antiviral Bioactive Compounds of Mushrooms and Their Antiviral Mechanisms: A Review.” Viruses vol. 13,2 350. 23 Feb. 2021, doi:10.3390/v13020350

 

Hypertension – Reishi 2-3 g/day

Reishi (Ganoderma lingzhi), a staple in traditional medicine for numerous conditions, has a historical application for calming effects on the heart. Contemporary studies reveal the potential of Reishi in hypertension treatment, with identified peptides within Reishi demonstrating inhibitory effects against angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). These findings underscore Reishi Mushrooms as a rich source of hypotensive peptides, presenting a promising avenue for their utilization in antihypertensive medication or incorporation into functional foods.

- Berger, A et al. “Cholesterol-lowering properties of Ganoderma lucidum in vitro, ex vivo, and in hamsters and minipigs.” Lipids in health and disease vol. 3 2. 18 Feb. 2004, doi:10.1186/1476-511X-3-2
-Oleg B. Shevelev, et al. “Hypotensive and neurometabolic effects of intragastric Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) administration in hypertensive ISIAH rat strain.” Phytomedicine, Volume 41, 2018, Pages 1-6, ISSN 0944-7113, doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.013.
- Tran, Hai-Bang et al. “Hypotensive effects and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides of reishi (Ganoderma lingzhi) auto-digested extract.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 19,9 13473-85. 29 Aug. 2014, doi:10.3390/molecules190913473
-Wu, Qiang, et al. "Isolation and characterization of three antihypertension peptides from the mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes)." Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 67.29 (2019): 8149-8159.

 

Infertility – Cordyceps 3g/day

Emerging research suggests that Cordyceps may exert positive effects on fertility through multifaceted mechanisms. In men, Cordyceps is implicated in supporting hormone health and enhancing sperm quality and motility. In women, Cordyceps demonstrates the ability to regulate menstrual cycles, contributing to overall reproductive health.

Traditionally, Cordyceps mushrooms have been utilized to support reproductive health, fertility, and libido. The historical use aligns with contemporary findings, highlighting the enduring recognition of Cordyceps in traditional practices for promoting and maintaining reproductive well-being. The comprehensive support provided by Cordyceps in both male and female reproductive contexts underscores its potential as a holistic approach to fertility enhancement.

 

-Bach, Mai Xuan, et al. "Protection and Rehabilitation Effects of Cordyceps militaris Fruit Body Extract and Possible Roles of Cordycepin and Adenosine." Compounds 2.4 (2022): 388-403.
-Kopalli, Spandana Rajendra, et al. "Cordycepin, an active constituent of nutrient powerhouse and potential medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris Linn., ameliorates age-related testicular dysfunction in rats." Nutrients 11.4 (2019): 906.
-Chang, Ying, et al. "Effect of Cordyceps militaris supplementation on sperm production, sperm motility and hormones in Sprague-Dawley rats." The American Journal of Chinese Medicine 36.05 (2008): 849-859.
-Jiraungkoorskul, Kanitta, and Wannee Jiraungkoorskul. “Review of Naturopathy of Medical Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps Sinensis, in Sexual Dysfunction.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 10,19 (2016): 1-5. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.176566
-Wang, Jian, et al. "Protective effect of Cordyceps militaris extract against bisphenol A induced reproductive damage." Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine 62.4 (2016): 249-257.
-Hsu, Chih-Chao, et al. "In vivo and in vitro stimulatory effects of Cordyceps sinensis on testosterone production in mouse Leydig cells." Life Sciences 73.16 (2003): 2127-2136.
-Huang, Bu-Miin, et al. "Upregulation of steroidogenic enzymes and ovarian 17β-estradiol in human granulosa-lutein cells by Cordyceps sinensis mycelium." Biology of reproduction 70.5 (2004): 1358-1364.

 

Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Polysaccharide Extracts 2-6 g/day

Beyond their prebiotic properties, medicinal mushrooms encompass anti-inflammatory compounds that play a pivotal role in mitigating inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. This attribute assumes significance for individuals grappling with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), where inflammation is implicated in the manifestation of symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. The synergistic effects of prebiotic and anti-inflammatory components in medicinal mushrooms underscore their potential role as a dietary intervention for individuals dealing with IBS-related symptoms.

-Alexea, Octavian, Vlad Bacarea, and Núria Piqué. "The combination of oligo-and polysaccharides and reticulated protein for the control of symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: results of a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre clinical trial." United European Gastroenterology Journal 4.3 (2016): 455-465.
-Nie, Ying, Qinlu Lin, and Feijun Luo. "Effects of non-starch polysaccharides on inflammatory bowel disease." International journal of molecular sciences 18.7 (2017): 1372.
-Zhang, Henan, et al. "Modulatory effects of polysaccharides from plants, marine algae and edible mushrooms on gut microbiota and related health benefits: A review." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 204 (2022): 169-192.
 

Influenza – Polysaccharide Extracts 1-3 g/day

Polysaccharides derived from edible mushrooms, constituting a significant component of their biological activities, exhibit diverse functions such as anti-tumoral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-regulatory effects. Notably, these polysaccharides have found clinical applications in the treatment of various diseases, including influenza. Research studies indicate that mushroom polysaccharides are effective in alleviating flu-like symptoms induced by the influenza virus. The demonstrated efficacy of mushroom polysaccharides in mitigating influenza-related symptoms underscores their potential as a valuable therapeutic intervention in the treatment and management of influenza.

-Teplyakova, Tamara V., et al. "Medicinal mushrooms against influenza viruses." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 23.2 (2021).
-Teplyakova, T. V., T. N. Ilyicheva, and N. A. Markovich. "Prospects for the development of anti-influenza drugs based on medicinal mushrooms." Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 56 (2020): 489-496.
-Ichinohe, Takeshi, et al. "Induction of cross‐protective immunity against influenza A virus H5N1 by an intranasal vaccine with extracts of mushroom mycelia." Journal of medical virology 82.1 (2010): 128-137.

 

Insomnia – Reishi 1-3 g/day

Reishi mushrooms are well-known for their effectiveness in easing both mental and physical stress, leading to enhanced sleep quality, particularly beneficial for individuals dealing with insomnia. Scientific research has brought attention to the presence of triterpenes and beta-D-glucans in Reishi, highlighting their ability to impart a calming effect on the nervous system. This calming influence is particularly noteworthy in the context of insomnia, as it fosters an anti-anxiety quality conducive to more restful sleep. The documented adaptogenic properties of Reishi in stress management and reduction, coupled with its potential role in addressing insomnia, highlight its significance as a natural remedy for promoting improved sleep.

 -Chu, Qing-Ping, et al. "Extract of Ganoderma lucidum potentiates pentobarbital-induced sleep via a GABAergic mechanism." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 86.4 (2007): 693-698.
-Cui, Xiang-Yu, et al. "Extract of Ganoderma lucidum prolongs sleep time in rats." Journal of ethnopharmacology 139.3 (2012): 796-800.
-Feng, Xia, and Yan Wang. "Anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and sedative-hypnotic activities of lucidone D extracted from Ganoderma lucidum." Cellular and Molecular Biology 65.4 (2019): 37-42.

 

Kidney Damage – Cordyceps 3 g/day

In the domain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cordyceps serves as a kidney tonic. Modern studies have highlighted its antioxidant activity and its ability to impede mesangial cell proliferation, leading to enhanced renal function in instances of chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. These research outcomes underscore the importance of considering Cordyceps mushrooms as a viable adjunctive approach in the treatment and/or management of kidney damage.

- Han Zhang, Xiaoqiang Ding, Kian Bun Tai, Alex W. Yu, Chapter 220 - Alternative Medicine and Chinese Herbs and the Kidney, Critical Care Nephrology (Third Edition), Elsevier, 2019, Pages 1313-1319.e1, ISBN 9780323449427, doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-44942-7.00220-X.
-Liu, Wu, et al. "Mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis and its extracts in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease: a review." Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (2022): 881835.
-Tan, Wei, et al. "Potential therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis: cordyceps and related products." Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (2022): 932172.
-Xiao, Chenggen, et al. "Cordyceps sinensis may inhibit Th22 cell chemotaxis to improve kidney function in lgA nephropathy." American Journal of Translational Research 10.3 (2018): 857.
-Zhang, Zhihong, et al. "Effect of Cordyceps sinensis on renal function of patients with chronic allograft nephropathy." Urologia Internationalis 86.3 (2011): 298-301.

 

Liver Damage – Reishi 1-3g/day, Cordyceps 3 g/day

Numerous studies have documented the hepatoprotective and healing properties of Reishi, particularly in safeguarding the liver from injury. Findings indicate that total triterpenoids isolated from Reishi exhibit robust protective effects against liver damage, demonstrating notable enhancements in liver function and liver enzyme testing.

Cordyceps, a type of mushroom deeply rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been historically employed for diverse clinical purposes. Modern research validates its efficacy in improving liver function. Studies indicate that Cordyceps contributes to the protection against the progression of fatty liver or cirrhosis by suppressing lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. This positions Cordyceps Mushrooms as a plausible adjunctive treatment for safeguarding and enhancing liver health.

-Chen, Chaojie, et al. "Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide inhibits HSC activation and liver fibrosis via targeting inflammation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and ECM-receptor interaction mediated by TGF-β/Smad signaling." Phytomedicine 110 (2023): 154626.
-Chen, Yu-Sheng, et al. "Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in Kunming mice." Pharmacology 103.3-4 (2019): 143-150.
-Gao, Yihuai, et al. "Protective effect of Ganoderma (a mushroom with medicinal properties) against various liver injuries." Food Reviews International 21.1 (2005): 27-52.
- Heo, Jin Young, et al. "The efficacy and safety of Cordyceps militaris in Korean adults who have mild liver dysfunction." Journal of the Korean Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 7.3 (2015): 81-86.
- Lin, Zhi-Bin, et al. "Effects of total triterpenoids extract from Ganoderma Iucidum (Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst.(Reishi Mushroom) on experimental liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride or D-galactosamine in mice." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 4.4 (2002).
-Peng, Jinghua, et al. "Anti-fibrotic effect of Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide: Inhibiting HSC activation, TGF-β1/Smad signalling, MMPs and TIMPs." Experimental biology and medicine 238.6 (2013): 668-677.
-Peng, Yuan, et al. "Ergosterol is the active compound of cultured mycelium Cordyceps sinensis on antiliver fibrosis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014).

 

Lower Blood Sugar Chaga 2g/day, Cordyceps 1-3g/day

For individuals experiencing insulin resistance, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or Type 2 diabetes, the utilization of Chaga mushroom may contribute to a reduction in blood sugar levels and an improvement in insulin resistance. Multiple studies indicate its potential, demonstrating a noteworthy decrease in blood sugar levels by as much as 31% over a three-week period. The efficacy of Chaga in lowering blood sugar levels is well-established.

Furthermore, findings suggest that Cordyceps militaris extracts, akin to the effects of metformin, exhibit a substantial reduction in blood glucose levels by enhancing glucose metabolism. Additionally, these extracts demonstrate a robust suppression of total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in serum. The data position Cordyceps as a compelling option for lowering blood sugar levels without inducing adverse side effects.

-Dong, Yuan et al. “Studies on the antidiabetic activities of Cordyceps militaris extract in diet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats.” BioMed research international vol. 2014 (2014): 160980. doi:10.1155/2014/160980
-Sun, Jun-En et al. “Antihyperglycemic and antilipidperoxidative effects of dry matter of culture broth of Inonotus obliquus in submerged culture on normal and alloxan-diabetes mice.” Journal of ethnopharmacology vol. 118,1 (2008): 7-13. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.02.030
-Sun, HuiQing, et al. "Structure and hypoglycemic activity of a novel exopolysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris." International journal of biological macromolecules 166 (2021): 496-508.
-Hu, Tao, et al. "Isolation, purification and effects of hypoglycemic functional polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus." African Journal of Biotechnology 11.30 (2012): 7738-7743.
-Liu, Ping, et al. "Structure characterization and hypoglycaemic activities of two polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus." Molecules 23.8 (2018): 1948.
-Ma, Li, Song Zhang, and Mei Du. "Cordycepin from Cordyceps militaris prevents hyperglycemia in alloxan-induced diabetic mice." Nutrition Research 35.5 (2015): 431-439.
-Wang, Jia, et al. "Anti-diabetic effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice and potential mechanism via PI3K-Akt signal pathway." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 95 (2017): 1669-1677.

 

MRSA – Lion’s Mane 5-10g/day

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) stands as a predominant pathogen in nosocomial infections, presenting a substantial challenge due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics and transmission within healthcare settings. Extracts derived from the fruiting bodies and mycelia of Lion’s Mane exhibited notable anti-MRSA activity, positioning Lion’s Mane mushrooms as a promising adjunct in the treatment of MRSA infections.

Lion’s Mane extracts demonstrated discernible efficacy against various microorganisms, Streptococcus mutans, Enterobacter cloaca, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida lipolytica, and MRSA These findings suggest the potential application of these extracts as topical or oral antimicrobial agents, with the possibility of synergistic effects when combined with commercial antibiotics to address drug-resistant bacteria.

-Friedman, Mendel. “Chemistry, Nutrition, and Health-Promoting Properties of Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane) Mushroom Fruiting Bodies and Mycelia and Their Bioactive Compounds.” Journal of agricultural and food chemistry vol. 63,32 (2015): 7108-23. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02914
-Kawagishi, Hirokazu. “Anti-MRSA Compounds from Hericium erinaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Pers.” International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 7(3), (2005) :348-349, doi:10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v7.i3.130
 -Suleiman, Waleed Bakry, Reda M. Shehata, and Ahmed M. Younis. "In vitro assessment of multipotential therapeutic importance of Hericium erinaceus mushroom extracts using different solvents." Bioresources and Bioprocessing 9.1 (2022): 1-13.
-Thongbai, Benjarong, et al. "Hericium erinaceus, an amazing medicinal mushroom." Mycological Progress 14 (2015): 1-23.
- Wong, Kah-Hui, et al. "Neuroregenerative potential of lion's mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers.(higher Basidiomycetes), in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury." International journal of medicinal mushrooms 14.5 (2012).

 

Multiple Sclerosis – Lion’s Mane 3-5 g/day 

For centuries, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has incorporated medicinal mushrooms to address various diseases, demonstrating positive impacts on the immune system and associated conditions, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS). MS, a progressive central nervous system disorder, lacks a definitive cure, necessitating management through medications and alternative approaches during relapse stages. Medicinal mushrooms, known for their efficacy in neurological diseases, have been researched in the context of MS.

Lion’s Mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus), recognized as Hóu Tóu Gū in TCM, holds a significant place in this traditional medicinal system, with a history spanning thousands of years. Recent research has explored its potential in treating and managing neurological disorders. Studies indicate Lion’s Mane's capacity to promote nerve growth, myelin sheath production, and synthesis of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), crucial for managing and recovering from MS relapses. The mushroom also demonstrates the ability to decrease beta-amyloid plaques, disrupting neurotransmission, showing promising results as a viable management option for MS.

-Huang, Hui-Ting, et al. "Hericium erinaceus mycelium and its small bioactive compounds promote oligodendrocyte maturation with an increase in myelin basic protein." Scientific reports 11.1 (2021): 6551.
-Lee, Wooseok, et al. "Role of mushrooms in neurodegenerative diseases." Medicinal Mushrooms: Recent Progress in Research and Development (2019): 223-249.
-Szućko-Kociuba, Izabela, et al. "Neurotrophic and Neuroprotective Effects of Hericium erinaceus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.21 (2023): 15960.
-Yamashina, Kota, et al. "Suppressive effect of fruiting bodies of medicinal mushrooms on demyelination and motor dysfunction in a Cuprizone-induced multiple sclerosis mouse model." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 24.9 (2022).

 

Nerve Damage – Lion’s Mane 3-5 g/day, Reishi 1-3 g/day

The nervous system, comprising the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, orchestrates the transmission of signals that regulate various bodily functions. Injuries to the brain or spinal cord can result in severe medical consequences, including paralysis or cognitive impairment, often entailing prolonged recovery periods. Research suggests that lion’s mane mushroom extract may expedite recovery from such injuries by fostering the growth and repair of nerve cells.

Reishi, often referred to as the "mushroom of immortality," is distinguished for its adaptogenic properties, aiding the body in stress adaptation and balance maintenance. Additionally, Reishi exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. While not possessing the direct neuro-regenerative attributes of Lion's Mane, Reishi's capability to mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress plays a supportive role in nerve repair. Its actions create a conducive environment for overall healing, showcasing the complementary contributions of these mushrooms to neurological recovery.

-Gokce, Emre Cemal, et al. "Neuroprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides against traumatic spinal cord injury in rats." Injury 46.11 (2015): 2146-2155.
-Lu, Shuang-Yang, et al. "Aromatic constituents from Ganoderma lucidum and their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities." Fitoterapia 134 (2019): 58-64.
-Spelman, Kevin, Elizabeth Sutherland, and Aravind Bagade. "Neurological activity of Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus)." Journal of Restorative Medicine 6.1 (2017): 19-26.
-Wong, Kah-Hui, et al. "Neuroregenerative potential of lion's mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers.(higher Basidiomycetes), in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury." International journal of medicinal mushrooms 14.5 (2012).
-Yi, Zhang, et al. "Protective effect of ethanol extracts of Hericium erinaceus on alloxan-induced diabetic neuropathic pain in rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015).

 

Osteoarthritis - Reishi 2-5g/day, Cordyceps 3-6g/day

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage and underlying bone, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Integrating medicinal mushrooms like Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) and Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis) into treatment regimens can offer natural therapeutic benefits for managing osteoarthritis symptoms and progression.

Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)

Reishi mushrooms have been traditionally used in East Asian medicine for their anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties. Recent studies have highlighted their potential in osteoarthritis management:

-Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Reishi contains ganoderic acids, which have been shown to slow osteoarthritis progression by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and blocking the NF-κB pathway, a critical mediator of inflammation.

-Osteoclast Inhibition: Ganomycin I, a compound extracted from Reishi, has been found to inhibit osteoclast formation. This is achieved by suppressing RANKL-mediated MAPKs and NFATc1 signaling pathways, crucial in bone resorption processes, thereby offering protective effects against bone degeneration associated with osteoarthritis .

-Pain Relief: Gano oil, another derivative of Reishi, exhibits significant antinociceptive (pain-relieving) properties. It has been shown to reduce paw edema and alleviate pain through hypnotic and analgesic actions of fatty acid amides.

Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis)

Cordyceps is renowned for its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, making it beneficial in the context of osteoarthritis:

-Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties: Cordyceps helps in reducing joint inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are key contributors to the progression of osteoarthritis. Its bioactive compounds, such as cordycepin, play a crucial role in mediating these effects.

-Enhanced Mobility and Pain Reduction: Regular consumption of Cordyceps can improve joint mobility and reduce pain severity in osteoarthritis patients. This is partly due to its ability to modulate inflammatory cytokines and enhance antioxidant defenses in the body.

In conclusion, incorporating Reishi and Cordyceps into the management plan for osteoarthritis can provide a natural, complementary approach to traditional treatments. Their anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, and bone-protective properties can help alleviate symptoms and slow disease progression, improving the overall quality of life for osteoarthritis patients.

-Chen, Xiaoning, et al. "Gano oil: A novel antinociceptive agent extracted from Ganoderma lucidum inhibits paw oedema and relieves pain by hypnotic and analgesic actions of fatty acid amides." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 263 (2020): 113144.
-Liu, Yuan, et al. "Ganoderic acid A slows osteoarthritis progression by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress and blocking NF‐Κb pathway." Chemical Biology & Drug Design 103.1 (2024): e14382.
- Tran, Phuong Thao, et al. "Ganomycin I from Ganoderma lucidum attenuates RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting MAPKs and NFATc1." Phytomedicine 55 (2019): 1-8.

 

Parasitic Infection – Polysaccharide Extracts 2-3g/day

Polysaccharides exhibit properties as immune enhancers or immunomodulators, displaying antimicrobial activity. These components play a role in influencing both innate and adaptive immunity, encompassing cellular and humoral responses. Mushroom polysaccharides have been employed in the treatment of immune depression or deficiency induced by conditions such as cancers, hepatitis, radiotherapy, and chemical treatments.

Research studies demonstrate that supplementation with mushroom polysaccharide extracts leads to the augmentation of both cellular and humoral immune responses. Additionally, these extracts exhibit anti-parasitic qualities, positioning mushroom polysaccharides as a viable therapeutic option for the treatment and management of parasitic infections.

 

-Espinosa-García, Victoria, et al. "Antiparasitic Activity of Compounds Isolated from Ganoderma tuberculosum (Agaricomycetes) from Mexico." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 25.9 (2023).
- Guo, F C et al. “Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides on cellular and humoral immune responses of Eimeria tenella-infected chickens.” Poultry science vol. 83,7 (2004): 1124-32. doi:10.1093/ps/83.7.1124
-Mkhize, Senzosenkosi S., et al. "Mushroom‐derived products as an alternative antimalarial therapeutics: A Review." Drug Development for Malaria: Novel Approaches for Prevention and Treatment (2022): 235-249.

 

Parkinson’s Disease – Reishi 1-3 g/day

Parkinson's disease stands as a prevalent neurodegenerative condition for which existing treatments primarily address motor symptoms, offering only symptomatic relief. Conventional pharmacological interventions frequently fall short in addressing cognitive impairment and emotional dysfunction associated with Parkinson’s Disease, contributing to distress, reduced quality of life, and heightened motor impairment.

Emerging research proposes that Reishi mushrooms, known as Lingzhi in Traditional Chinese Medicine, exhibit the potential to alleviate oxidative stress. With adaptogenic qualities, Reishi demonstrates the ability to enhance cognitive, emotional, and neurological health. These therapeutic attributes position Reishi as a robust option for the management of neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, offering a comprehensive approach beyond the conventional focus on motor symptoms.

-Chen Li, Li-Ya Lee, Tsai-Teng Tzeng, Wan-Ping Chen, Yen-Po Chen, Young-Ju Shiao, Chin-Chu Chen, "Neurohealth Properties of Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Enriched with Erinacines", Behavioural Neurology, vol. 2018, Article ID 5802634, 10 pages, 2018. doi.org/10.1155/2018/5802634
- Kuypers, Kim P C. “Self-Medication with Ganoderma lucidum ("Reishi") to Combat Parkinson's Disease Symptoms: A Single Case Study.” Journal of medicinal food vol. 24,7 (2021): 766-773. doi:10.1089/jmf.2020.0137
-Valu, Mihai-Vlad et al. “Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. Ethanolic Extract with Antioxidant Properties on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in a Zebrafish Model of Cognitive Impairment.” Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 7,6 477. 12 Jun. 2021, doi:10.3390/jof7060477

 

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) – Reishi 3 g/day

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by gynecological, endocrine, and metabolic abnormalities in women of reproductive ages, featuring symptoms like hypergonadotropism, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, ovarian cysts, hirsutism, obesity, and commonly, infertility. The standard treatment for PCOS presently involves lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and surgical procedures. However, these approaches fall short of ensuring complete elimination of PCOS, prompting exploration of natural sources as valuable adjuncts for improving and managing PCOS conditions.

Reishi mushrooms, known as Lingzhi in Traditional Chinese Medicine, emerge as a medicinal powerhouse with a broad spectrum of therapeutic properties. Studies highlight ganoderic acids present in Reishi mushrooms, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, immunomodulatory, and antiandrogenic effects. These multifaceted therapeutic qualities position Reishi as an excellent option for the treatment and comprehensive management of PCOS, offering potential benefits beyond conventional approaches.

 

-Devi, Manisha, et al. "Identification of Lead Moiety to Treat Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome from Ganoderma lucidum: A Computational Approach." (2022).
-Devi, Manisha, et al. "Hit Identification from Ganoderma Lucidum to Treat Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: An In-Silico Approach." (2023).
-Zhang, Jiao-Jiao, et al. "Meroterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms and their biological roles in insulin resistance and triple-negative breast cancer." Frontiers in Chemistry 9 (2021): 772740.

 

Psoriasis – Chaga 2-3 g/day

Psoriasis, characterized as an autoimmune and inflammatory disorder, has been addressed in Traditional Chinese Medicine through the utilization of Chaga mushrooms for millennia. Contemporary research aligns with this historical perspective, affirming the efficacy of Chaga Mushrooms in treating psoriasis. Betulinic acid, a sterol naturally occurring in Chaga, exhibits inherent immunosuppressive properties, contributing to the reduction of psoriasis symptoms and alleviation of skin inflammation.

Chaga's extensive medicinal applications in Traditional Chinese Medicine have recognized its ability to promote and restore healthy, radiant skin. Specifically, its historical use in treating psoriasis aligns with modern research, highlighting Chaga as an effective therapeutic option for treating and managing psoriasis.

-Chen, Haixia, and Jia Wang. "Phytochemistry, traditional uses and health benefits of the mushroom inonotus obliquus (Chaga)." CULTIVATION, ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND HEALTH BENEFITS (2014): 93.
- Dosychev, E A, and V N Bystrova. “Lechenie psoriaza preparatami griba "Chaga"” [Treatment o psoriasis using "Chaga" fungus preparations]. Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii vol. 47,5 (1973): 79-83.
-Fordjour, Eric, et al. "Chaga mushroom: a super-fungus with countless facets and untapped potential." Frontiers in Pharmacology 14 (2023).
-Wold, Christian Winther. "Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)." (2020).

 

Renal Health – Cordyceps 2-5 g/day

Within the realm of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cordycep Mushrooms are recognized for their role as a kidney tonic. Modern research has elucidated its antioxidant properties and its capacity to inhibit mesangial cell proliferation, resulting in improved renal function in cases of both chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. These findings emphasize the significance of Cordyceps mushrooms as an efficacious solution to protection, repair, and support of renal health.

 

- Han Zhang, Xiaoqiang Ding, Kian Bun Tai, Alex W. Yu, Chapter 220 - Alternative Medicine and Chinese Herbs and the Kidney, Critical Care Nephrology (Third Edition), Elsevier, 2019, Pages 1313-1319.e1, ISBN 9780323449427, doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-44942-7.00220-X.
-Liu, Wu, et al. "Mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis and its extracts in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease: a review." Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (2022): 881835.
-Tan, Wei, et al. "Potential therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis: cordyceps and related products." Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (2022): 932172.
-Xiao, Chenggen, et al. "Cordyceps sinensis may inhibit Th22 cell chemotaxis to improve kidney function in lgA nephropathy." American Journal of Translational Research 10.3 (2018): 857.
-Zhang, Zhihong, et al. "Effect of Cordyceps sinensis on renal function of patients with chronic allograft nephropathy." Urologia Internationalis 86.3 (2011): 298-301.
-Zhang, Yuhan, et al. "Protective effect of Cordyceps sinensis against diabetic kidney disease through promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of renal proximal tubular cells." BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 23.1 (2023): 1-11.

 

Rheumatoid Arthritis – Reishi 3g/day

Reishi, known as Lingzhi in Traditional Chinese Medicine, stands as one of the oldest mushrooms employed in ancient Chinese medicine for addressing inflammatory conditions, including Rheumatoid Arthritis. Traditional Chinese Medicine has long recognized its efficacy in managing such ailments. Modern research now affirms the effectiveness of Reishi Mushrooms as a treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Reishi's impact extends to enhancing both the quantity and functionality of various immune system cell lines, encompassing natural killer cells, antibody-producing B cells, and T cells responsible for swift responses to new or remembered antigens. The diverse biocompounds within Reishi contribute to the suppression of inflammatory cytokines produced during chronic inflammation, a characteristic observed in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, while concurrently preserving normal acute inflammatory responses. In instances of chronic inflammation, Reishi effectively mitigates inflammatory promoters. Clinical studies further substantiate the role of Reishi in the treatment and management of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

-Heo, Yunji, et al. "Inhibitory effects of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil on rheumatoid arthritis in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 157 (2023): 114067.
-  Ho YW, Yeung JS, et al. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines in activated rheumatoid synovial fibroblast. Mol Cell Biochem. 2007 Jul;301(1-2):173-9.
-Meshesha, Fekede. "Pharmacological Activities of Reishi (Ganoderma Lucidum): Potent Medicinal Mushroom." Microbial journal 3.1 (2023).
-Meng, Meng, et al. "Potential Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis Activities and Mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides." Molecules 28.6 (2023): 2483.

 

Stroke/Stroke Prevention Lion’s Mane 3-5g/day

Stroke, characterized by an abrupt interruption of continuous blood flow to the brain resulting in neurological function loss, presents either as ischemic stroke due to a blockage or hemorrhagic stroke caused by bleeding in the brain. Lion's Mane Mushrooms, integral to Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries, emerge as a therapeutic option for both stroke prevention and neurological repair post-stroke.

Within Lion's Mane Mushrooms, bioactive compounds like hericenones and erinacines exhibit neuroprotective properties. These substances play a pivotal role in stimulating the production of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the brain, crucial for proper nerve cell maturation and survival. The heightened synthesis of NGF facilitated by Lion's Mane Mushroom contributes to the regeneration and adaptability of nerve cells.

Scientific studies validate the capability of Lion's Mane in promoting neuro-regenerative effects and peripheral nerve regeneration following neurological injuries such as strokes. This positions Lion's Mane as a compelling candidate not only for stroke prevention but also as a supportive agent in neurological repair after experiencing a stroke.

-I-Chen Li, Li-Ya Lee, Tsai-Teng Tzeng, Wan-Ping Chen, Yen-Po Chen, Young-Ju Shiao, Chin-Chu Chen, "Neurohealth Properties of Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Enriched with Erinacines", Behavioural Neurology, vol. 2018, Article ID 5802634, 10 pages, 2018. doi.org/10.1155/2018/5802634
- Samberkar S, Gandhi S, Naidu M, Wong KH, Raman J, Sabaratnam V. Lion’s Mane, Hericium erinaceus and Tiger Milk, Lignosus rhinocerotis (Higher Basidiomycetes) Medicinal Mushrooms Stimulate Neurite Outgrowth in Dissociated Cells of Brain, Spinal Cord, and Retina: An In Vitro Study. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2015;17(11):1047-54. doi: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v17.i11.40. PMID: 26853959.
- Spelman, Kevin et al. “Neurological Activity of Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus).” (2017).
-Wong, Kah-Hui, et al. "Neuroregenerative potential of lion's mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers.(higher Basidiomycetes), in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury." International journal of medicinal mushrooms 14.5 (2012).
-Wong, Kah-Hui et al. “Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers., a medicinal mushroom, activates peripheral nerve regeneration.” Chinese journal of integrative medicine vol. 22,10 (2016): 759-67. doi:10.1007/s11655-014-1624-2
-Zhang, Wangxin et al. “Neuroprotective effect of pretreatment with ganoderma lucidum in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat hippocampus.” Neural regeneration research vol. 9,15 (2014): 1446-52. doi:10.4103/1673-5374.139461

 

Weight Loss – Cordyceps  1-3 g/day

With a rich history steeped in therapeutic tradition, Cordyceps has stood the test of time as a trusted component in the holistic approach of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Modern research indicates that within the diverse spectrum of cordyceps species, Cordyceps stands out with a distinctive ability to significantly reduce liver weight, minimize fat deposition, and enhance lipid levels. These characteristics highlight the potential efficacy of Cordyceps in supporting weight loss and regulating obesity.

Furthermore, studies reveal that cordycepin, a major bioactive component present in Cordyceps, may play a role in preventing weight gain by modulating the gut microbiota. The findings suggest that the microbiome influenced by cordycepin could be the mechanism through which this compound, prevalent in Cordycep Mushrooms and its extracts, contributes to weight loss.

Beyond its impact on lipid profiles, Cordyceps Militaris offers additional avenues for aiding weight loss. Researchers and athletes are drawn to the evidence suggesting that cordyceps supplementation may enhance tolerance to high-intensity exercise, elevate energy levels, and overall improve physical performance. This multifaceted approach positions Cordyceps Militaris as a promising adjunctive option for weight management.

-An, Yanan et al. “Cordycepin reduces weight through regulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.” Lipids in health and disease vol. 17,1 276. 6 Dec. 2018, doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0910-6
- Hirsch, Katie R et al. “Cordyceps militaris Improves Tolerance to High-Intensity Exercise After Acute and Chronic Supplementation.” Journal of dietary supplements vol. 14,1 (2017): 42-53. doi:10.1080/19390211.2016.1203386
-Jang, D., Lee, E., Lee, S. et al. System-level investigation of anti-obesity effects and the potential pathways of Cordyceps militaris in ovariectomized rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 22, 132 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03608-y
-Kim, Seon Beom, et al. "Effect of Cordyceps militaris extract and active constituents on metabolic parameters of obesity induced by high-fat diet in C58BL/6J mice." Journal of ethnopharmacology 151.1 (2014): 478-484.